Validity, Factor Analysis and Scale Testing

Horns Parallel Analysis: The first three observed roots exceed the reported 95th-percentile random roots, while the fourth observed root does not. Horn’s…

GFI: GFI = 0.994572 indicates a very small weighted residual discrepancy for the nine-indicator SEM. The value is favorable but should be reconciled with…

Kaiser Meyer Olkin Test: Overall KMO = 0.713439 supports an adequate factor analysis, but Walc has the lowest item MSA. The analysis remains usable while…

Measurement Model: The three-factor measurement model has excellent overall fit and strong Academic Achievement indicators. Educational Advantage is less…

HTMT Ratio: All three pairwise HTMT values are low, and the largest reported upper 95% bound remains far below one and below conservative practical…

NFI: NFI = 0.989945 shows a very large reduction in discrepancy relative to the independence model. The result supports strong incremental fit but should be…

Oblimin Rotation: The rotated solution shows clear dominant loadings for G2, Walc, and Medu with nonzero factor correlations. The oblique representation is…

Model Fit Indices: The complete index pattern is favorable: exact fit is not rejected, incremental indices are near one, and residual/approximate-fit…

Parallel Analysis: Under the reported 95th-percentile comparison, three observed eigenvalues exceed their random counterparts and the fourth does not. The…

Partial Least Squares SEM: Educational Advantage has a positive path, Social-Alcohol Exposure a negative path, R-squared is modest, and Q-squared is…