Biology and Ecology
Hardy-Weinberg Calculator
Hardy-Weinberg Calculator calculate expected allele and genotype frequencies under a two-allele Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model.
Biology and Ecology
Hardy-Weinberg Calculator
Calculate expected allele and genotype frequencies under a two-allele Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model.
Formula
p + q = 1 and p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1.
About the Hardy-Weinberg Calculator
Calculate expected allele and genotype frequencies under a two-allele Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model.
How the Hardy-Weinberg Calculator Works
The entered frequency of allele A defines q as one minus p, and the binomial expansion provides expected AA, Aa, and aa frequencies and counts.
Formula
p + q = 1 and p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1.
The calculation runs in your browser. Values are validated for required ranges, compatible units, and method-specific restrictions before results are displayed.
Required Inputs
- Allele A frequency p (required).
- Population size (required).
Results Reported
The result panel reports the final answer and the intermediate quantities needed to check the calculation:
- Allele a frequency q
- Expected AA frequency
- Expected Aa frequency
- Expected aa frequency
- Expected AA count
- Expected Aa count
- Expected aa count
Hardy-Weinberg Calculator Example
Select Example Data in the calculator to load this reproducible input set:
| Input | Example value |
|---|---|
| Allele A frequency p | 0.7 |
| Population size | 1000 |
How to Use the Calculator
- Confirm that the calculator title and formula match the quantity you need.
- Enter every required value using the unit shown with its field.
- Select Example Data to inspect a valid input set, or enter your own values and select Calculate.
- Review all reported values and the displayed formula before using the answer.
- Use Copy Result or Download CSV when you need a reusable record.
Accuracy and Limitations
Equilibrium expectations assume random mating, a large population, and no selection, migration, mutation, or drift. They are a model baseline, not proof of equilibrium.
Keep units consistent, use measurements that represent the actual situation, retain full precision during the calculation, and round only the final answer. Professional decisions may require current official rules, field measurements, laboratory methods, or specialist review.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does the Hardy-Weinberg Calculator calculate?
Calculate expected allele and genotype frequencies under a two-allele Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model.
Which formula does the Hardy-Weinberg Calculator use?
p + q = 1 and p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1. The entered frequency of allele A defines q as one minus p, and the binomial expansion provides expected AA, Aa, and aa frequencies and counts.
What should I check before using the Hardy-Weinberg Calculator result?
Equilibrium expectations assume random mating, a large population, and no selection, migration, mutation, or drift. They are a model baseline, not proof of equilibrium.